Encyclical Letter
Of Pope Michael II. on
On Catholic Social Action
To Our Patriarchs, Archbishops, Bishops
In Communion with Us
Brothers and Sisters
Health and Apostolic Benediction
1. Cleansing of the Temple was the first activity of Our Lord Jesus Christ when He entered Jerusalem, and due to this action, He was considered a “threat” by His enemies, the religious leaders at that time. In John 2:14-16, we read, “Then in the temple He found people selling cattle, sheep and pigeons and also the money changers sitting at their tables. So He made a whip from cords and drove all the animals out of the temple, both the sheep and the cattle; He overturned the tables of the money changers and scattered their coins; and He ordered those who sold the pigeons, `take them out of here! Stop making my Father’s house a marketplace!’”
2. Our Lord Jesus Christ was crucified on the cross, historically speaking, because He made a whip from cords and overturned the tables of money changers. On Good Friday, people have chosen to free Barabbas and crucify Christ as a retaliation to Christ’s action of disturbing the “status quo” and comforting the uncomfortable in His time. (cf Luke 4:18-19).
3. More often, the image of our Lord Jesus Christ is projected as “meek and humble“ ( Matthew 11:29) as if He is not capable of showing an indignant character. But the gospel pericope we have in the foregoing (John 2:14-16 ), John illustrates another side of Jesus: Jesus became angry with those who disrespected the temple. This is not the only instance where Our Lord was critical of the religious authorities. In chapter 23 of St. Matthew, He criticized and condemned the hypocrites and predicted their punishment.
4. At present, the catholic sense of militancy seems to be passive; the popular mode is “tolerance”, if not tolerance, “compromise“ and everything serious is treated as parody; acceptance of the unjust situation is considered “the new normal“ like corruption in government of the State and in the Church. However, the Catholic Church is a militant church. In our Catechism, there are three classifications of the Church: namely, the Church Triumphant, the Church Suffering and the Church Militant. The Church Triumphant pertains to saints in heaven; the Church Suffering pertains to those in purgatory; and the Church Militant pertains to the faithful still alive.
5. Saint John the Baptizer, remember, was beheaded by Herod at the request of Herodias’ daughter, since John condemned the adultery of Herod. (cf. Mark 6:14-29; Matthew 14:1-12; Luke 9:7-9). Like Saint John the Baptist and Our Lord Jesus Christ, the Apostles were also persecuted. Even in the early Church, the Apostles were not exempt from persecution. In Rome, they had their Eucharist in the catacombs because Christianity was an illegal religion at that time. Christians were arrested, tortured and killed. Saints Peter and Paul were imprisoned and later killed.
6. The concept of militancy of the Church seems to be unpopular, or if not unpopular, it is tied to issues related to religiosity but has nothing to do with denouncing injustice done to the oppressed, depressed and suppressed. That is the reason why the social teaching of the Church is called “Best kept secret”. But Our Lord Jesus Christ came not only to save souls but also to save the physical needs of the people. That is the reason why He cured the sick and fed the hungry. Even raising the dead person to life.
WHAT CAN THE CHURCH REALLY DO?
7. Watch. Let us teach our people to be observant of the situation. Let us help them to go out from their selfish character and reach out; Haste is the enemy of sanctity. If we want to be a saint, let us learn to appreciate every moment of our lives. And part of this appreciation is our awareness of what is going on inside and outside of us.
8. Discernment. After observing ourselves and society, let us ask ourselves, Does the will of God happen in our circumstances? Where is the following of Christ? What concrete action can we apply which will bring Glory to God ? Here enters the value of prayer: we consult the Lord about our plan. Does our plan bring us closer to God? Or will it be for our selfish motives?
9. Work. Love is not seen in words but in deeds. True love is manifested in works of charity and justice. Yes, many people are agitated by injustices; many people are active in giving their suggestions about the plan of action to be taken, but few people are really decisive to commit themselves. This is a crucial element of being a catholic: to lay down our lives for our friends. ”The greatest love you can have for your friends is to give your life for them.” ( John 15:13 ).
ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED
10. At present, there are a variety of issues on which the Church can be vocal in raising her voice: The abolishment of divorce, euthanasia, abortion, contraception, and same-sex unions. Aside from these, the issue of poverty and social injustice can be included. As We mentioned foregoing, we seem to be passive with particular issues and we remain silent as if we see nothing or hear nothing. However, as true Catholics, we need to be militant on these issues because we desire the glory of God in all. ”Let your light shine before all men” said the Lord (Matthew 5:16).
11. The issues we mentioned here are not new; they are already issues before, but We just want to shake or rock the boat of complacency and indifference. And so, We brought them here.
ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN
12. Matthew Chapter 18, verses 15 to 17, provide us with the necessary steps when someone sins. Number One, Talk to the person privately; Two, Take one or two other persons with you; Three, tell the whole thing to the church. If he will not listen to the church, treat him as though he were a pagan or a tax collector. ”Remove the evil person from your group.” (1 Corinthians 5:13). Excommunication is literally “out of communion”. This judgment is administered for the salvation of the person cut off from communion so that it will bring the culprit into conversion. As we can see here, the principle of Exhaustion of Administrative remedies is applied here.
13. In our civil society or even in our Church, we apply the principle of Exhaustion of Administrative remedies inasmuch as the source of this is the Roman Law. The observance of due process must always be the number one step. Hearing must come first before judgment.
14. But after the administrative remedies have been exhausted, a meta-legal course could be considered, so long as it remains a peaceful expression of freedom. The Philippines became an “Idol“ of the world in 1986 because of a peaceful, non-violent revolution.
VIOLENCE
15. The use of arm struggle should not be the end in itself. Let us commit to memory that violence is only a means to an end if all peaceful remedies have been exhausted. In the medieval ages, the Pope himself was a leader of chivalry in order to save and defend the Holy Land. The use of arm struggle is not evil in itself if and only if it is used to defend life, liberty and property. Some may ask, “Thou shalt not kill according to the Decalogue, so why kill?” It is true that the essence of the commandment of God is to protect and save lives. However, part of protecting and saving life is defending our lives, liberty and property from our enemies just like in the case of self-defence. As much as possible, we do not want to harm anyone by force or through violent means; however, if our life, liberty and property are threatened by an aggressor, then the last and ultimate resort is the use of violence.
16. Let us distinguish between cosmetics and surgery. Cosmetics are used to fix the ugly into the beautiful, yet there are instances where cosmetics do not make sense, and we would like to resort to surgery. In surgery, we remove in a painful manner an object which is the real cause of the disease. Likewise, in a society wherein all administrative means have been exhausted to attain a just society, the use of armed struggle or violent resolution is the last option.
CONCLUSION
17. We wish to end here. We do not want to write long encyclicals because We know many do not want to read long exhortations. Yet We are appealing to all Catholics to restore militancy as a way of life. Always remember, evil triumphs when good people do nothing. Let Saint Michael the Archangel be a reminder to us to apply justice. The Lord said, ”Make it your aim to do what is right, not what is evil, so that you may live. Then the Lord God Almighty will really be with you, as you claim he is” ( Amos 5:14 ).
18. And as a sign of Our affection, We wish to bless you with the blessing of the Triune God.
Given in San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines, at the Feast of Saint Michael the Archangel, 29th of September, in the year 2025, the Third of Our Pontificate.
MICHAEL II.


